MBI038 - SODIUM, SERUM Detail

Sodium (Na⁺) is the major extracellular electrolyte in the human body and plays a vital role in maintaining fluid balance, osmotic pressure, acid–base equilibrium, nerve impulse transmission, and muscle contraction. The sodium test measures the concentration of sodium ions in blood and is commonly performed using the ion selective electrode (ISE) method. It is routinely used to assess electrolyte imbalance, hydration status, renal function, and to monitor patients receiving intravenous fluids or diuretic therapy. Abnormal sodium levels may be associated with conditions such as dehydration, renal disorders, cardiac failure, liver disease, endocrine disorders, and excessive fluid loss or retention. This test is especially important in critically ill and emergency patients, as significant sodium imbalance can lead to neurological and cardiovascular complications.